این پایان نامه به زبان انگلیسی، مربوط به دپارتمان علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه ساوتهمپتون (University of Southampton) انگلستان میباشد که در سال 2012 انجام و با رتبه عالی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است است.
دسته بندی: علوم انسانی » علوم اجتماعیتعداد مشاهده: 1071 مشاهده
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این پایان نامه به زبان انگلیسی، مربوط به دپارتمان علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه ساوتهمپتون (University of Southampton) انگلستان میباشد که در سال 2012 انجام و با رتبه عالی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است است.
این پایان نامه به زبان انگلیسی، مربوط به دپارتمان علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه ساوتهمپتون (University of Southampton) انگلستان میباشد که در سال 2012 انجام و با رتبه عالی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است است.
Abstract
Population ageing is a global phenomenon and
occurring most rapidly in countries in Asia, which have experienced
a rapid decline in fertility and mortality. Malaysia is one such
country. The increase in life expectancy along with a rising cost
of living has meant that many elderly women are exposed to the risk
of poverty in later life. This is also due to the inability of the
current pension system in Malaysia to recognise interruptions
during employment. In the West, there has been extensive research
highlighting how living longer combined with an early retirement
age and having disruptions during employment years may lead to an
inadequate retirement income and affect the quality of life during
retirement. Such research is lacking in the Malaysian context. This
research therefore investigated the effectiveness of Malaysia’s
current pension system to deliver an adequate income in retirement,
taking into account the differences in life course experienced by
women, particularly interrupted work histories as a result of
care-taking responsibilities as well as differences in educational
level. This study used a hypothetical simulation model – MHYRISA
(Malaysian Hypothetical Retirement Income Simulation Analysis)
model to simulate different scenarios. The findings suggest that
women with gaps and disruptions during employment will not be able
to maintain their standard of living in later life under the
present pension system due to the low replacement rate level
generated. The findings also suggest that the current retirement
age and contribution rate should be increased and also
reconsidering the pre-retirement withdrawals policy in order to
provide an adequate retirement income during old age. The
government should also consider providing a pension credit
contribution to women who are unemployed due to care-taking
responsibilities, so that they are lifted out of poverty during old
age.